Redundancy

📄 48 — Redundancy

Definition

Having backups or duplicates to increase reliability and reduce risk.

When to Use

• Safety‑critical systems • Infrastructure • Planning • Risk management

How It Improves Reasoning

It prevents single points of failure and increases resilience.

Steps

1. Identify critical components.
2. Add backups or alternatives.
3. Test failover.
4. Monitor reliability.

Example

Airplanes have redundant engines, sensors, and control systems.

Prompts

• “Identify where redundancy is needed.” • “Design a failover plan for this system.”