C1writing · C1-WRITTEN-001

Can write a convincing, coherent text on abstract and topical subjects, adapting the register to the intended reader

Register-adapted written argument

Vocabulary

Grammar

Register switching and connectors in formal writing

Switching between impersonal and personal constructions and layering connectors such as 'não obstante' and 'à luz de' to control distance and tone

  • Não obstante os avanços, persistem desigualdades estruturais.
  • À luz dos dados disponíveis, a conclusão exige cautela.

Cultural notes

Portuguese opinion journalism prizes a polished, essayistic register: long sentences, embedded subordination and measured judgement. The personal voice arrives at the end, after the evidence has been marshalled.

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